The Conquest of Mecca, also known as the Conquest of Makkah, was a significant event in the history of Islam and marks the moment when the Prophet Muhammad and his followers gained control of the city of Mecca in 630.
According to Islamic tradition, the Prophet Muhammad had returned to Mecca with a large army of Muslims, determined to peacefully reclaim the city from the ruling Quraysh tribe. The Quraysh, who had long persecuted the Muslims and attempted to prevent the spread of Islam, realized that they could no longer resist the growing power of the Muslims, and they agreed to surrender the city without resistance.
With the Conquest of Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad established Islam as the dominant religion in the region, and Mecca became the center of the Islamic world, a place of pilgrimage and devotion for Muslims around the world. The Prophet Muhammad also forgave his enemies, granting amnesty to the people of Mecca, and he declared that the city was a sanctuary, where no one would be allowed to engage in violence or bloodshed.
This event is seen as a turning point in the history of Islam, marking the end of the period of persecution for the Muslims and the establishment of Islam as a powerful and influential force in the Arabian Peninsula. The Conquest of Mecca is also seen as a testament to the Prophet Muhammad's leadership and his ability to reconcile with his enemies and bring peace and stability to the region.
The Conquest of Mecca is celebrated every year by Muslims during the Islamic holiday of Eid al-Adha, and it serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by the early Muslims and the importance of perseverance in the face of adversity.
According to Quran:
The Conquest of Mecca is not directly mentioned in the Quran, but it is referenced in several verses that describe the Prophet Muhammad's victory and the submission of the people of Mecca to Islam.
For example, in Surah Al-Fath (The Victory), Chapter 48, Verse 1, it says: "Indeed, We have given you, [O Muhammad], a clear conquest." This verse is understood to refer to the Prophet's victory over the people of Mecca and the establishment of Islam in the city.
Similarly, in Surah Al-Tawbah (The Repentance), Chapter 9, Verse 33, it says: "He is the one who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to make it victorious over all other religions, even though the disbelievers dislike it." This verse is seen as a reference to the Prophet Muhammad's victory in Mecca and the establishment of Islam as the dominant religion in the region.
While the Quran does not provide a detailed narrative of the Conquest of Mecca, these verses emphasize the significance of this event for the spread of Islam and the establishment of the Islamic community.
According to Hadith:
The Conquest of Mecca is mentioned in several Hadiths, or sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad, which provide additional detail and context to the event.
For example, in Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 5, Book 59, Hadith 716, it is recorded that the Prophet Muhammad, upon entering Mecca with his army, went directly to the Kaaba and circumambulated it seven times. He then approached the idol-worshipping Meccans and declared that there would be no retribution for their past actions against the Muslims. Instead, he offered amnesty and forgave them all.
In another Hadith, Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith 4678, it is reported that the Prophet Muhammad told the people of Mecca that they could return to their homes, and that their lives, property, and honor would be protected. He also forbade the Muslims from harming or avenging themselves against the Meccans.
These Hadiths provide a more personal and intimate account of the Conquest of Mecca, highlighting the compassion and mercy of the Prophet Muhammad towards the people of Mecca, and the establishment of a just and equitable society based on the principles of Islam. The Hadiths serve as an inspiration for Muslims and are an important part of the Islamic tradition and history.
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