How big is Allah, the 1 God?

 
We all have questions about God. We have thousands or millions of God's, according to some who prefer to think that more is better. There is only one Allah in Abrahamic religions such as Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.

These days, we frequently ponder how we interpret Allah. Why is Allah hidden or not visible to us if He exists? etc.

We shall make every effort to provide the clearest explanation possible and to approach our learning from the viewpoint of the students. Let's think about the Earth, which is one planet, one moon, and one sun in our Milky Way Galaxy, which is also one of the universe's only galaxies. The largest thing in the universe is Allah, who is one. Imagine the cosmos as a spherical with Allah at its outer border, and the universe itself inside, always growing. It is said to be expanding more quickly than light. This implies that if we move at the speed of light, we will never be able to locate the universe's boundary.
 

This is how the universe is created. To put it briefly, there was only one Allah at first. Then, Allah separated a portion of His body and called it Muhammad (peace be upon him). He divided that into 4 halves. Retained one portion and referred to it as the original Muhammad (pbuh). He preserved the fourth portion for subsequent creations, and the second part became a pen and the third a note book. He then wrote His 1st sentence- 

لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ 

There is none worthy of worship except God (Allah) and Muhammad is the messenger of God. 

After that, the fourth section was divided into 4 pieces. Every time Allah creates something, he takes the leftover 1 part from his previous 4 splits and divides it into 4 parts again, using the first three for fresh creations and the fourth for later. Everything was and will be created in this manner till the end of time.

Here is a tale that raises a related concept-

"O Allah, I ask You by the right of Muhammad (pbuh) to forgive me."

According to the narration, Allah asked Adam (as) (the 1st man who he repented), how he knew about Muhammad (pbuh), and Adam (AS) responded that he saw Muhammad’s (pbuh) name written on the Arsh alongside Allah’s Name, which led him to believe that Muhammad (pbuh) held a special status.

Musannaf of Abdur Razzaq (Hadith No. 20738)

Al-Hakim’s Mustadrak (Book of History, Hadith No. 4228)

Here is another story that suggest similar idea-
One day the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) asked Jabreel (Gabrial) (A.S) that ‘What is your age?’. The angel Gabrial (A.S) replied that I don’t exactly know what my age is but the only thing I know is that Allah’s Arsh used to be on water and nothing was present at that time apart from that.

There was a star which I used to see. It used to shine there with its Noor (Light). After a period the star used to hide and then rise again after every 70,000 years.

Angel Gabriel's age is - 
1,277,500,000,000 x 70,000 = (around) 89,425,000,000,000,000 years

Then Muhammad (pbuh) responded, that star was me (Allah's 1st creation).

For more details, refer to this link-
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-age-of-Jibreel-Gabriel-in-Islam

According to the Quran:

Al-Fatihah 1:2
ٱلۡحَمۡدُلِلَّهِرَبِّٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ٢
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the entire universe.

Ash-Shu'ara 26:184
وَٱتَّقُواْٱلَّذِيخَلَقَكُمۡوَٱلۡجِبِلَّةَٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ١٨٤
"And fear Him Who created you and (who created) the generations before (you)"

An-Nahl 16:20
وَٱلَّذِينَيَدۡعُونَمِندُونِٱللَّهِلَايَخۡلُقُونَشَيۡـٔٗاوَهُمۡيُخۡلَقُونَ٢٠
And those they invoke other than Allāh create nothing, and they [themselves] are created.

"Surah Al-A'raf, Verse 54": 
Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then established Himself on the Throne [of authority]. He covers the night with day and covers the day with night. And He has made the sun and moon subservient, each running to a prescribed term. Indeed, it is He who is the Almighty, the Forgiving.

According to Hadith's:

Abu Huraira reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) took hold of my hands and said:
Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the clay on Saturday and He created the mountains on Sunday and He created the trees on Monday and He created the things entailing labour on Tuesday and created light on Wednesday and He caused the animals to spread on Thursday and created Adam (peace be upon him) after 'Asr on Friday; the last creation at the last hour of the hours of Friday, i. e. between afternoon and night. This hadith is narrated through another chain of transmitters.
حَدَّثَنِي سُرَيْجُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، وَهَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، مَوْلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِيَدِي فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ التُّرْبَةَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَخَلَقَ فِيهَا الْجِبَالَ يَوْمَ الأَحَدِ وَخَلَقَ الشَّجَرَ يَوْمَ الاِثْنَيْنِ وَخَلَقَ الْمَكْرُوهَ يَوْمَ الثُّلاَثَاءِ وَخَلَقَ النُّورَ يَوْمَ الأَرْبِعَاءِ وَبَثَّ فِيهَا الدَّوَابَّ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ وَخَلَقَ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي آخِرِ الْخَلْقِ وَفِي آخِرِ سَاعَةٍ مِنْ سَاعَاتِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ حَدَّثَنَا الْبِسْطَامِيُّ، - وَهُوَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى - وَسَهْلُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنُ بِنْتِ حَفْصٍ وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ، بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 2789
In-book reference : Book 52, Hadith 10
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 39, Hadith 6707

Narrated by Abu Dharr (رضي الله عنه): The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
"The seven heavens compared to the Kursi (Footstool) are nothing but like a ring thrown in the desert. And the superiority of the Throne (Arsh) over the Kursi is like that of the desert over that ring."
Reference:
Sunan Ibn Majah, Book 1, Hadith 193

Jabir b. ‘Abd Allah reported the Prophet (May peace be upon him) as saying :
I have been permitted to tell about one of Allah’s angels who bears the throne that the distance between the lobe of his ear and his shoulder is a journey of seven hundred years.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ، حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ أُذِنَ لِي أَنْ أُحَدِّثَ عَنْ مَلَكٍ مِنْ مَلاَئِكَةِ اللَّهِ مِنْ حَمَلَةِ الْعَرْشِ إِنَّ مَا بَيْنَ شَحْمَةِ أُذُنِهِ إِلَى عَاتِقِهِ مَسِيرَةُ سَبْعِمِائَةِ عَامٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)   صحيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 4727
In-book reference : Book 42, Hadith 132
English translation : Book 41, Hadith 4709

Paganism to Islam during Muhammad (peace be upon him)

Islam uses the term "Paganism" to describe a variety of practices, including polytheism and the worship of gods other than Allah (Arabic for "one") during the last messenger and prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). 

Polytheists are people or groups who believe in and worship several gods or deities, much as pagans. The Greek words "poly," which means numerous, and "theos," which means deity, are the source of the name "polytheism". In polytheistic belief systems, a pantheon of gods or goddesses, each with unique characteristics, spheres of influence, and responsibilities, are acknowledged and revered.

Whereas, the idea that there is only one god or supreme entity is known as Monotheism. Monotheistic believers embrace this ultimate divine entity's uniqueness and unity. Polytheistic belief systems emphasize the existence of several gods, whereas monotheistic belief systems emphasize the existence of a single, transcendent, all-powerful god.

"Surely, Allah does not forgive that anything should be associated with Him, and forgives what is besides that to whomsoever He pleases; and whoever associates anything with Allah, he devises indeed a great sin." (Quran 4:48)

The worship of saints, idols, or any other created being is likewise condemned by Islamic teachings. Islam's central teaching is the worship of the one true God, alone and without partners.

It is important to remember that in Islamic theology and discourse, the term "paganism" is not frequently employed to refer to other belief systems. The rejection of polytheism and the assertion of God's unity are usually the main points of emphasis instead.

Prophet Nuh lived in a society that had turned away from monotheistic religion and had adopted a number of immoral customs, including polytheism.

Abraham, often referred to as Ibrahim in Islam, was raised in an idolatrous culture. His people were polytheists who revered a variety of statues and idols. 

The Quran recounts Abraham's reflections and rejection of his people's pagan beliefs. Abraham questioned the legitimacy of worshiping statues and celestial bodies, as described in Surah Al-Anbiya (21:51–70). He tried to get his people to consider the pointlessness of worshiping inanimate objects by having a conversation and argument with them.

Following the teachings of Muhammad (peace be upon him), Muslims reject polytheism and associate Allah with associates. Instead, they believe in the absolute oneness of God.

During the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad, the conversion of pagan populations to Islam was a difficult process involving many variables. Over the course of his 23-year prophetic mission, Muhammad preached monotheism and extended invitations to convert to Islam. 

• Prophetic Character
• The Message of Monotheism
• Social and Economic Justice
• Inclusivity
• Miracles and Signs
• Patience and Perseverance
• Personal Relationships
• Military and Political Success

A number of these causes combined to cause the gradual conversion of people to Islam. It's critical to recognize that the conversion process was dynamic and that people changed to Islam for a variety of reasons, impacted by both psychological and intellectual elements.

According to the Quran:

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:163):

"And your god is one God. There is no deity [worthy of worship] except Him, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate."

Surah Al-Ikhlas (112:1-4):

"Say, 'He is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, nor is there to Him any equivalent.'"

Surah Al-An'am (6:102):

"That is Allah, your Lord; there is no deity except Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him. And He is, over all things, Disposer of affairs."

Surah Al-Shura (42:11):

"There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the Hearing, the Seeing."

Surah Al-Fussilat (41:6):

"Say, 'I am only a man like you, to whom has been revealed that your god is one God. So whoever would hope for the meeting with his Lord, let him do righteous work and not associate in the worship of his Lord anyone.'"

Surah Al-Ankabut (29:46):

"And do not argue with the People of the Scripture except in a way that is best, except for those who commit injustice among them, and say, 'We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you. And our God and your God is one, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him.'"

Surah Al-Mu'minun (23:91):

"Never did Allah take to Himself a son, and never was there with Him any (other) god -- in that case would each god certainly have certainly taken away what he created, and some of them would certainly have overpowered others; glory be to Allah above what they describe!"

These verses highlight Allah's qualities, His unique oneness, and His rejection of all conceptions of spouses, associates, or children. One of the main tenets of Islam is tawhid, and these verses highlight how monotheistic Islam is.

During Paganism, denying their own god and accepting the one and only God of Islam was one of the first challenges that Pagans had to face in order to accept Islam. It is said that there were about 368 Pagan Gods during the time of Muhammad (peace be upon him). When pagans believed in about 368 gods, they were perplexed and cynical about how on earth they could repudiate the god their own ancestors worshipped and then acknowledge that there is only one god. He discussed all 99 qualities of Allah. Muhammad (pbuh) did not tell them to stop believing in God; rather, he told them to embrace Allah, the Arabic name for the single God. 

https://myislam.org/99-names-of-allah/

Here are some similarities:

99 Names of Allah (Asmaul Husna), and Pagan Deities in Pre-Islamic Arabia:

1. Allah (الله)
Hubal: Chief god of the Kaaba in Mecca. Considered principal deity of the Quraysh tribe.

2. Allah Ar-Rahman (الرحمن) The Most Gracious
Al-Lat: Goddess associated with fertility, venerated in Ta'if.

3. Allah Ar-Rahim (الرحيم) The Most Merciful
Al-Uzza: Goddess associated with love and beauty, significant to the Quraysh tribe.

4. Allah Al-Malik (الملك) The Owner of Sovereignty
Manat: Goddess associated with fate and destiny. Considered one of the daughters of Allah in some traditions.

5. Allah Al-Quddus (القدوس) The Holy
Wadd, Suwa, Yaghuth, Ya'uq, Nasr: Idols or deities worshiped by various tribes in different regions of Arabia.

6. Allah As-Salam (السلام) The Peace
Dhu al-Khalasa: Idol located in Yemen, associated with the tribe of Banu Hamdan.

7. Allah Al-Mu'min (المؤمن) The Faithful
Al-Kutbay: Deity worshiped by the Banu Tamim tribe.

8. Allah Al-Muhaymin (المهيمن) The Guardian
Ruda: God revered by the Banu Qasi tribe.

9. Allah Al-Aziz (العزيز) The Almighty
Yaghuth: Idol worshiped in the region.

10. Allah Al-Jabbar (الجبار) The Compeller
Ya'uq: Another idol venerated by some tribes.

11. Allah Al-Mutakabbir (المتكبر) The Majestic
Nasr: Deity or idol associated with pre-Islamic Arabian polytheism etc.

Before embracing Islam, Umar bin Khattab (RA) reportedly said that one day, while traveling, he realized it was time for prayer, but he had left his God at home. With the help of some dates, he was able to mold his conception of God and pray. He ate his God later without hesitation because he was hungry. He laughed after telling the incident and said, It's a good thing I was introduced to Islam, adding that the genuine God need not take the form of a physical object.

In another incident, Umar was known for his humility, and it is said that he spoke to the Black Stone during Tawaf, saying, "I know that you are a mere stone and can neither harm nor benefit. Had I not seen the Prophet (peace be upon him) touching (and kissing) you, I would never have touched (and kissed) you." Prophet Adam was the first to receive the black stone from Angel Gabriel. When Adam would kiss it when he was upset, Allah would pardon him for his humility and sincere desire for forgiveness. What if, in Umar's instance, it was claimed that he and other Muslims were actually worshiping the black stone? It shows how cautious he was when he approached a stone, weighed its possible advantages, and avoided conflating it with his one God in the face of criticism from other faiths.

In summary, while preaching all 99 attributes of one Allah by Muhammad (peace be upon him), Pagans interested in Spiritual Search, Intellectual Inquiry, Emotional and Psychological Factors, and Guidance from Religious Authorities began to realize that, while one Allah sounded a lot like their own God, it also shared similarities with all 368 other Gods that existed at that time. That is to say, accepting Islam and submitting to Allah, the only God, may have been much more comfortable for individuals who were young, liberal, impoverished, poor, and struggling.
 

99 Names of Allah (Asma ul Husna)

The 99 Names of Allah, also known as Asmaul Husna, are a collection of names and attributes that Muslims believe belong to Allah (God) in Islam. These names are considered to be the most beautiful and perfect names of Allah, and they are used to describe and praise Him. The 99 names are mentioned in the Quran and various Islamic texts, and are often recited in prayers and religious rituals. Each name has a specific meaning and connotation that highlights different aspects of Allah's divine nature and qualities.

Here are the 99 attributes of Allah:

Al-Rahman: The Most Merciful
Synonyms: The Compassionate, The Beneficent
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's infinite compassion and mercy towards His creation.

Al-Rahim: The Most Compassionate
Synonyms: The Most Gracious, The Most Kind
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ongoing mercy and compassion towards His creation.

Al-Malik: The King
Synonyms: The Sovereign, The Ruler
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's absolute sovereignty and authority over all things.

Al-Quddus: The Holy
Synonyms: The Pure, The Perfect
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's absolute purity and perfection.

Al-Salam: The Peace
Synonyms: The Source of Peace, The Bestower of Safety
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the source of peace and safety for His creation.

Al-Mu'min: The Faithful
Synonyms: The Trustworthy, The Guardian
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the protector and guardian of those who have faith in Him.

Al-Muhaymin: The Guardian
Synonyms: The Protector, The Watcher
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's role as the protector and guardian of all things.

Al-'Aziz: The Mighty
Synonyms: The Strong, The Powerful
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's absolute power and might.

Al-Jabbar: The Compeller
Synonyms: The Restorer, The Repairer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to restore and repair all things.

Al-Mutakabbir: The Supreme
Synonyms: The Majestic, The Exalted
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's supreme and exalted status.

Al-Khaliq: The Creator
Synonyms: The Maker, The Originator
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the creator and originator of all things.

Al-Bari': The Inventor
Synonyms: The Creator, The Originator
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's role as the inventor and creator of all things.

Al-Musawwir: The Fashioner of Forms
Synonyms: The Shaper, The Designer, The Beautifier
Explanation: This name signifies that Allah is the ultimate designer and beautifier of all things.

Al-Ghaffar: The Forgiving
Synonyms: The Pardoner, The Remitter
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ability to forgive and pardon.

Al-Qahhar: The Subduer
Synonyms: The Overpowering, The Dominant
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to subdue and overcome all things.

Al-Wahhab: The Bestower
Synonyms: The Giver, The Donor
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's role as the bestower of all blessings.

Al-Razzaq: The Provider
Synonyms: The Sustainer, The Nourisher
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the provider and sustainer of all things.

Al-Fattah: The Opener
Synonyms: The Revealer, The Unveiler
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to open doors and reveal truths.

Al-'Alim: The All-Knowing
Synonyms: The Omniscient, The Wise
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's infinite knowledge and wisdom.

Al-Qabid: The Constrictor
Synonyms: The Restrainer, The Withholder
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to restrict and withhold.

Al-Basit: The Expander
Synonyms: The Extender, The Enlarger
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to expand and enlarge things.

Al-Khafid: The Abaser
Synonyms: The Humiliator, The Lowerer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to humble and lower things.

Al-Rafi': The Exalter
Synonyms: The Elevator, The Raiser
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to elevate and raise things.

Al-Mu'izz: The Honorer
Synonyms: The Bestower of Honor, The Glorifier
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to bestow honor and glory upon His creation.

Al-Mudhill: The Dishonorer
Synonyms: The Humiliator, The Degrader
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to dishonor and degrade things.

Al-Sami': The All-Hearing
Synonyms: The Hearer, The Listener
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ability to hear and listen to all things.

Al-Basir: The All-Seeing
Synonyms: The Seer, The Observer
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ability to see and observe all things.

Al-Hakam: The Judge
Synonyms: The Decider, The Arbiter
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate judge and arbiter of all things.

Al-Adl: The Just
Synonyms: The Equitable, The Fair
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's absolute justice and fairness.

Al-Latif: The Gentle
Synonyms: The Kind, The Subtle
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's gentle and subtle nature.

Al-Khabir: The All-Aware
Synonyms: The Knowledgeable, The Informed
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's comprehensive knowledge and awareness.

Al-Halim: The Forbearing
Synonyms: The Patient, The Tolerant
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's forbearance and patience.

Al-Azim: The Magnificent
Synonyms: The Great, The Grand
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's magnificence and greatness.

Al-Ghafur: The Forgiving
Synonyms: The Merciful, The Clement
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's forgiveness and mercy.

Al-Shakur: The Grateful
Synonyms: The Appreciative, The Thankful
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's gratitude and appreciation towards His creation.

Al-'Ali: The Most High
Synonyms: The Elevated, The Exalted
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's highest and most exalted status.

Al-Kabir: The Great
Synonyms: The Majestic, The Grand
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's greatness and majesty.

Al-Hafiz: The Preserver
Synonyms: The Protector, The Guardian
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the protector and preserver of all things.

Al-Muqit: The Maintainer
Synonyms: The Sustainer, The Provider
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the maintainer and sustainer of all things.

Al-Hasib: The Reckoner
Synonyms: The Accountant, The Enumerator
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to account and enumerate all things.

Al-Jalil: The Majestic
Synonyms: The Glorious, The Sublime
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's majesty and glory.

Al-Karim: The Generous
Synonyms: The Bountiful, The Noble
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's generosity and nobility.

Al-Raqib: The Watchful
Synonyms: The Vigilant, The Observer
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's watchfulness and vigilance over all things.

Al-Mujib: The Responsive
Synonyms: The Answerer, The Acceptor of Prayer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's responsiveness to the prayers and supplications of His creation.

Al-Wasi': The All-Encompassing
Synonyms: The Extensive, The Comprehensive
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's all-encompassing and comprehensive nature.

Al-Hakim: The Wise
Synonyms: The All-Wise, The Judicious
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's infinite wisdom and sound judgment.

Al-Wadud: The Loving
Synonyms: The Affectionate, The Kind
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's boundless love and affection towards His creation.

Al-Majid: The Glorious
Synonyms: The Magnificent, The Splendid
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's glory and splendor.

Al-Ba'ith: The Resurrector
Synonyms: The Raiser of the Dead, The Reviver
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to resurrect and revive the dead.

Al-Shahid: The Witness
Synonyms: The Observer, The Testifier
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's role as a witness and observer over all things.

Al-Haqq: The Truth
Synonyms: The Reality, The Absolute Truth
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ultimate truth and reality.

Al-Wakil: The Trustee
Synonyms: The Guardian, The Dependable
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate trustee and guardian.

Al-Qawiyy: The Strong
Synonyms: The Mighty, The Powerful
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's strength and power.

Al-Matin: The Firm
Synonyms: The Steadfast, The Strong
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's firmness and steadfastness.

Al-Wali: The Protector
Synonyms: The Guardian, The Friend
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate protector and friend.

Al-Hamid: The Praiseworthy
Synonyms: The Laudable, The Commendable
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's deservingness of all praise and commendation.

Al-Muhsi: The Reckoner
Synonyms: The Counter, The Enumerator
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to count and enumerate all things.

Al-Mubdi': The Originator
Synonyms: The Creator, The Initiator
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate creator and originator of all things.

Al-Mu'id: The Restorer
Synonyms: The Returner, The Resurrector
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to restore and return things to their original state.

Al-Muhyi: The Giver of Life
Synonyms: The Life-Giver, The Reviver
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to give and sustain life.

Al-Mumit: The Bringer of Death
Synonyms: The Taker of Life, The Slayer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to take away life and bring death.

Al-Hayy: The Living
Synonyms: The Alive, The Ever-Living
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's eternal and continuous existence as the living God.

Al-Qayyum: The Self-Sustaining
Synonyms: The Independent, The Self-Subsisting
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's self-sufficiency and self-sustaining nature.

Al-Wajid: The Finder
Synonyms: The Discoverer, The Uncovering
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to find and uncover things that are hidden or lost.

Al-Majid: The Illustrious
Synonyms: The Glorious, The Dignified
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's grandeur and dignity.

Al-Wahid: The One
Synonyms: The Unique, The Singular
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's oneness and uniqueness.

Al-Ahad: The Absolute
Synonyms: The Eternal, The Unchanging
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's absolute and unchanging nature.

Al-Samad: The Eternal
Synonyms: The Absolute, The Independent
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's eternal and self-sufficient nature.

Al-Qadir: The All-Powerful
Synonyms: The Omnipotent, The Almighty
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's absolute power and omnipotence.

Al-Muqtadir: The All-Determining
Synonyms: The Decider, The Controller
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to determine and control all things.

Al-Muqaddim: The Expediter
Synonyms: The Advancer, The Promoter
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to expedite and advance things.

Al-Mu'akhkhir: The Delayer
Synonyms: The Retarder, The Postponer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to delay and postpone things.

Al-Awwal: The First
Synonyms: The Initial, The Beginning
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's priority and precedence as the first and foremost.

Al-Akhir: The Last
Synonyms: The Final, The End
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ultimate and final nature as the last.

Al-Zahir: The Manifest
Synonyms: The Evident, The Clear
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's manifest and evident nature.

Al-Batin: The Hidden
Synonyms: The Concealed, The Unseen
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's hidden and unseen nature.

Al-Waliyy: The Patron
Synonyms: The Protector, The Supporter
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate patron and supporter.

Al-Muta'ali: The Most Exalted
Synonyms: The Highest, The Sublime
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's exalted and sublime nature.

Al-Barr: The Kind
Synonyms: The Benevolent, The Good
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's kindness and goodness.

Al-Tawwab: The Acceptor of Repentance
Synonyms: The Forgiving, The One who Returns
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's willingness to accept the repentance of His creation.

Al-Muntaqim: The Avenger
Synonyms: The Retaliator, The Punisher
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to avenge and punish those who have wronged.

Al-Afuww: The Forgiver
Synonyms: The Pardoner, The Excuser
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's attribute of forgiving and pardoning His creation.

Al-Ra'uf: The Compassionate
Synonyms: The Merciful, The Tender
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's compassion and mercy towards His creation.

Malik Al-Mulk: The Owner of all Sovereignty
Synonyms: The King of Kings, The Lord of the Kingdom
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's ultimate ownership and control over all things.

Dhul-Jalali Wal-Ikram: The Lord of Majesty and Generosity
Synonyms: The Lord of Honor and Grace, The Possessor of Majesty and Bounty
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's possession of both majesty and generosity, and His ability to bestow grace and honor upon His creation.

Al-Muqsit: The Just
Synonyms: The Equitable, The Fair
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's justice and fairness in all His judgments.

Al-Jami: The Gatherer
Synonyms: The Assembler, The Collector
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to gather and assemble all things.

Al-Ghani: The Self-Sufficient
Synonyms: The Independent, The Wealthy
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's self-sufficiency and wealth, and His ability to provide for His creation.

Al-Mughni: The Enricher
Synonyms: The Emancipator, The Provider of Sufficiency
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to enrich and provide sufficiency to His creation.

Al-Mani: The Preventer
Synonyms: The Withholder, The Protector
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's power to prevent and protect His creation from harm.

Ad-Darr: The Distressor
Synonyms: The Afflictor, The Harmer
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to inflict harm and distress upon those who deserve it.

An-Nafi: The Beneficial
Synonyms: The Advantageous, The Helpful
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's ability to provide benefits and advantages to His creation.

An-Nur: The Light
Synonyms: The Illuminator, The Radiant
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's attribute of light, which represents His guidance, knowledge, and enlightenment.

Al-Hadi: The Guide
Synonyms: The Leader, The Instructor
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate guide for His creation.

Al-Badi: The Incomparable
Synonyms: The Matchless, The Unprecedented
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's incomparability and uniqueness in all His attributes.

Al-Baqi: The Everlasting
Synonyms: The Eternal, The Permanent
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's everlasting and permanent nature.

Al-Warith: The Inheritor
Synonyms: The Heir, The Successor
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's role as the ultimate inheritor of all things.

Ar-Rashid: The Guide to the Right Path
Synonyms: The Righteous, The Upright
Explanation: This name signifies Allah's guidance towards the right path and His attribute of righteousness.

As-Sabur: The Patient
Synonyms: The Enduring, The Tolerant
Explanation: This name emphasizes Allah's attribute of patience, which represents His ability to endure and tolerate all things.

Is there any empirical evidence for the existence of God?

In Islam, the existence of Allah is believed to be evident through both rational arguments and empirical evidence. Muslims believe that Allah's existence can be deduced from observing the universe and its order, which is considered as evidence of a purposeful creation by a wise and powerful Creator.

The Quran also invites humans to observe the world around them, and reflect on the signs of Allah's existence and power, as it states:

"Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day are signs for those of understanding. Who remember Allah while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth, [saying], "Our Lord, You did not create this aimlessly; exalted are You [above such a thing]; then protect us from the punishment of the Fire." (Quran 3:190-191)

This verse from the Quran states that the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day, are signs of Allah's existence for those who are wise and understand. It encourages believers to reflect upon and appreciate the universe as evidence of Allah's power and purposeful creation. The verse also includes a prayer to Allah for protection from the punishment of the Fire.

Furthermore, Islam recognizes the value of rational arguments to prove the existence of God, such as the argument from contingency and the argument from design.

The argument from contingency

The argument from contingency asserts that everything in the universe is contingent and dependent on something else for its existence, and therefore there must be a necessary being that exists independently and is the cause of all other contingent beings. This necessary being is believed to be Allah in Islam.

The Quran references the concept of a necessary being in several verses, such as:

"Allah - there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence. Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them, and they encompass not a thing of His knowledge except for what He wills. His Kursi extends over the heavens and the earth, and their preservation tires Him not. And He is the Most High, the Most Great." (Quran 2:255)

This verse highlights the concept of Allah being the sustainer of all existence, and being independent and self-sufficient. It also emphasizes the idea that no one can intercede with Allah except by His permission, indicating His ultimate sovereignty and power.

There are several hadiths that reference the concept of contingency and a necessary being. One example is:

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah said, 'I am the One Who is the Most Merciful. I have created creatures and I am a better Creator than they. If someone comes to Me with a piece of good deed, he will receive ten times the like thereof, or I will add more for him; if someone comes to Me with a piece of evil deed, he will receive the like thereof, or I will forgive him. If someone approaches Me by one span, I will approach him by one cubit; and if someone approaches Me by one cubit, I will approach him by one fathom, and if someone comes to Me walking, I will come to him running; and if someone meets Me with an earth-load of sins without associating any one with Me, I will meet him with forgiveness like that.'" (Sahih Al-Bukhari 7405)

This hadith emphasizes Allah's mercy and willingness to forgive those who seek Him, but it also highlights the idea that Allah is the ultimate Creator and sustainer of all beings, and that humans are dependent on Him for their existence and well-being. The concept of contingency and a necessary being can be inferred from this hadith, as well as from other Islamic sources that emphasize Allah's role as the Creator and Sustainer of the universe.

The argument from design

The argument from design, on the other hand, suggests that the order and complexity of the universe and the laws of nature are evidence of an intelligent and purposeful creator, rather than a result of chance or natural processes.

The Quran also references the concept of the order and complexity of the universe as evidence of Allah's design and purpose, such as:

"Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day are signs for those of understanding. Who remember Allah while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth, [saying], "Our Lord, You did not create this aimlessly; exalted are You [above such a thing]; then protect us from the punishment of the Fire." (Quran 3:190-191)

This verse highlights the idea that the universe and its alternating cycles are signs of Allah's existence, purpose and design. It encourages believers to reflect upon and appreciate the universe as evidence of Allah's power and purposeful creation, and to turn to Him in prayer and supplication.

There are several hadiths that reference the concept of the argument from design, one example is:

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "There are one hundred (parts of) mercy for Allah, and He has sent down out of these one part of mercy upon the jinn, human beings, animals and insects, and it is because of this (one part) that they love one another, show kindness to one another and even the beast treats its young with affection, and Allah has reserved ninety-nine parts of mercy with which He would treat His servants on the Day of Resurrection." (Sahih Al-Bukhari 7404)

This hadith highlights the order, harmony and mercy that exist in Allah's creation, including the interactions between different creatures and species. It suggests that these characteristics are evidence of Allah's design and purpose in creating the universe and its inhabitants. The hadith also emphasizes Allah's mercy and compassion towards His creations, which is another aspect of the argument from design in Islam.

Overall, Islam emphasizes the importance of rationality, observation, and reflection in recognizing the existence of Allah, and considers empirical evidence as one of the ways to understand and appreciate His power and wisdom.

Why should anyone believe in Allah (1 God)?

In monotheism, Allah is the Arabic word for God, and refers to the same deity worshiped in Abrahamic religions such as Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Allah is considered the one and only God, the creator and sustainer of the universe, who is omniscient (knows everything), omnipotent (has all power), and benevolent (all-loving). Muslims believe that Allah is the only God and that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him, and that He has no partners, associates or equals. Muslims also believe that Allah has sent messengers and prophets to guide humanity towards righteousness, and that the final prophet and messenger of Allah is Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

The belief in Allah is a fundamental aspect of the Islamic faith. Muslims believe that Allah is the one and only God, who created the universe and everything in it, and who has complete control over everything that happens. Here are a few reasons why one should believe in Allah:

Rationality and logic: 

The existence of a creator is a logical and rational conclusion for many people, as it is difficult to imagine that the complex and intricate universe we live in could have come into existence without a designer or a creator.

"Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, there are indeed signs for men of understanding. Those who remember Allah (always, and in prayers) standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and think deeply about the creation of the heavens and the earth, (saying): 'Our Lord! You have not created (all) this without purpose, glory to You! (Exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners). Give us salvation from the torment of the Fire." (Quran 3:190-191)

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "There are one hundred (parts of) mercy for Allah and He has sent down out of these one part of mercy upon the jinn and human beings and animals and the insects, and it is because of this (one part) that they love one another, show kindness to one another and even the beast treats its young one with affection, and Allah has reserved ninety-nine parts of mercy with which He would treat His servants on the Day of Resurrection." (Sahih Muslim, Book 037, Hadith 6632)

Moral guidance: 

Belief in Allah provides a moral compass for Muslims, guiding them towards right conduct and behavior that is pleasing to Allah. It encourages believers to be kind, just, merciful, and to help those in need.

"Indeed, Allah orders justice and good conduct and giving to relatives and forbids immorality and bad conduct and oppression. He admonishes you that perhaps you will be reminded." (Quran 16:90)

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "A prostitute was forgiven by Allah, because, passing by a panting dog near a well and seeing that the dog was about to die of thirst, she took off her shoe, and tying it with her head-cover she drew out some water for it. So, Allah forgave her because of that." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book 73, Hadith 38)

Purpose and meaning: 

Belief in Allah gives believers a sense of purpose and meaning in life, as they believe that they have been created for a specific reason and that their actions will be judged in the afterlife.

"And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me." (Quran 51:56)

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah says: 'I am just as My slaves think I am, (i.e. I am able to do for them what they think I can do for them).' " (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book 97, Hadith 15)

Comfort and hope: 

Belief in Allah provides comfort and hope in difficult times, as Muslims believe that Allah is always with them, watching over them, and guiding them through life's challenges.

"Say, 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.'" (Quran 39:53)

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If anybody makes a request to Allah for any need, Allah will give him one of the three things: Either He will give him what he asked for, or He will give him a reward equal to the requested thing, or He will store up for him a reward similar to that of the one who fasts." (Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book 48, Hadith 3451)

Salvation: 

Belief in Allah and following the teachings of Islam is believed to lead to salvation and eternal bliss in Jannah (Paradise), which is the ultimate goal of every Muslim.

"Whoever does righteousness, whether male or female, while he is a believer - We will surely cause him to live a good life, and We will surely give them their reward [in the Hereafter] according to the best of what they used to do." (Quran 16:97)

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Allah said, 'I am to my servant as he thinks of Me, (i.e. I am able to do for him what he thinks I can do for him).'" (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book 97, Hadith 10)

It is worth noting that belief in Allah is a personal choice, and every individual has the right to believe or not to believe in Allah. Muslims believe that Allah has given humans free will and the ability to reason, and encourages them to seek knowledge and reflect on the world around them to come to their own conclusions about the existence of Allah.

Who is Allah?

 Allah is the Arabic word for God, and is used by Muslims to refer to the one and only God, who is the creator and sustainer of the universe. According to Islamic belief, Allah is the supreme being and the source of all peace and goodness. Muslims believe that Allah is eternal, all-knowing, and all-powerful, and that he is merciful and just. The concept of Allah is central to the religion of Islam and is fundamental to the beliefs and practices of Muslims. In Islam, Allah is believed to be the one and only deity, and is considered to be the most compassionate and merciful of all. Muslims believe that Allah is the same God worshipped by Jews and Christians, and that he revealed himself to the prophets of these faiths, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.

The concept of Allah is derived from the teachings of Islam and is based on the belief in one God as taught by the prophet Muhammad and other prophets in the Abrahamic tradition. The belief in Allah and the worship of Allah are central to the Islamic faith and are reflected in the Five Pillars of Islam, which are the foundational practices of the religion. These pillars include the declaration of faith, the performance of daily prayers, the giving of alms (charity), the observance of the month of Ramadan, and the performance of the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. The concept of Allah is also reflected in the Qur'an, the holy scripture of Islam, which Muslims believe to be the word of God as revealed to the prophet Muhammad.

The Qur'an is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God as revealed to the prophet Muhammad. The Qur'an is divided into 114 chapters, or surahs, and contains verses, or ayahs, that discuss a wide range of topics, including the nature of God, the role of prophets, the importance of moral and ethical behavior, and the ultimate judgment and reward of individuals in the afterlife.

Here are a few references to Allah in the Qur'an:

"Say, 'He is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent.'" (Surah 112:1-4)

"And your Lord says, 'Call upon Me; I will respond to you. Indeed, those who disdain My worship will enter Hell [rendered] contemptible.'" (Surah 40:60)

"And to Allah belongs the east and the west. So wherever you [might] turn, there is the Face of Allah . Indeed, Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing." (Surah 2:115)

"And He is Allah in the heavens and the earth. He knows your secret and what you make public, And He knows that which you earn." (Surah 6:3)

These are just a few examples of the many references to Allah in the Qur'an. The Qur'an also contains stories of the prophets and other historical figures, as well as guidance on how Muslims should live their lives according to the will of God.

Hadith are collections of the sayings, actions, and teachings of the prophet Muhammad, as recorded by his companions and passed down through subsequent generations. They are typically organized and numbered according to the specific collection in which they appear.

Here are a few examples of references to Allah in the Hadith with their numbering:

"Allah is beautiful and He loves beauty." (Hadith narrated by Abu Huraira, Sahih Bukhari 7:67:427)

"Allah will not be merciful to those who are not merciful to mankind." (Hadith narrated by Abu Huraira, Sahih Bukhari 8:82:793)

"Allah will not accept the repentance of one who persists in committing sins." (Hadith narrated by Abu Huraira, Sahih Bukhari 9:93:601)

"Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves." (Hadith narrated by Abu Malik Al-Ash'ari, Sahih Muslim 25:5409)

These are just a few examples of the many references to Allah in the Hadith, with their numbering according to the specific collection in which they appear. The Hadith contain a wealth of information about the life and teachings of the prophet Muhammad, and are an important source of guidance and inspiration for Muslims around the world.