Who is Shuaib (Jethro)?

Shuaib (Jethro) (also spelled Shu'ayb or Shoaib) is a prophet in Islam, considered to be a prophet in the Bible and the Quran. He is mentioned in the Quran as the prophet sent to the people of Midian, who were the descendants of the prophet Abraham's second wife Keturah. According to Islamic tradition, he preached to the Midianites and called them to the worship of one God and to abandon their idolatrous practices.

Shuaib (Jethro) is most known in Islamic tradition for his role as a prophet sent to guide the people of Midian, who were known for their idolatry and moral decay. He preached to them and called them to the worship of one God and to abandon their sins and corrupt ways. He is also known for his strong emphasis on social justice and fair treatment of the poor and oppressed. He is said to have warned the people of Midian of a coming punishment if they did not repent and reform their ways, but they did not listen and ultimately faced a severe punishment.

Shuaib (Jethro) according to Quran:

According to the Quran, Shuaib (Jethro) is mentioned in several surahs (chapters), including:

Surah Al-A'raf (The Heights), verse 85-93, where it is mentioned that Shuaib (Jethro) was sent to the people of Midian as a prophet.

Surah Al-Qasas (The Story), verse 36-41, where it is mentioned that the people of Midian rejected the teachings of Shuaib (Jethro) and faced a severe punishment.

Surah Hud, verse 87-93, where it is mentioned that Shuaib (Jethro) was sent as a prophet to the people of Midian and that they rejected his teachings and faced a severe punishment.

Surah Al-Ankabut (The Spider), verse 61-65, where it is mentioned that Shuaib (Jethro) was sent as a prophet to the people of Midian and that they rejected his teachings and faced a severe punishment.

It's worth to mention that the Quranic narratives of Prophet Shu'aib are brief and don't give us much information about the prophet and his life, it is mostly focused on the message he delivered and the reaction of his people to it.

Shuaib (Jethro) according to Hadith:

According to Hadith, which are the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), Shuaib (Jethro) is also mentioned as a prophet sent by God to guide the people of Midian. However, unlike the Quran, Hadith provides more details about the life and character of Shuaib.

For example, in Sahih Bukhari, which is one of the most authentic collections of Hadith, it is reported that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said:

"Shuaib (Jethro) was one of the prophets sent to the people of Midian. He was a man of great honor and integrity." (Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 4, Book 55, Hadith 557)

In Sahih Muslim, it is reported that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said:

"Shuaib (Jethro) was a man of great wisdom and understanding. He was sent to the people of Midian as a prophet, but they rejected him and faced a severe punishment." (Sahih Muslim, Book 30, Hadith 5813)

It's worth mentioning that Hadith literature is vast and there's a lot of sayings attributed to prophet Muhammad (pbuh) that might elaborate more on Prophet Shuaib, but the above is a few examples.